Airframe · CFRP · Flight Integration

eVTOL UAVs

Carbon-fibre fixed-wing and tilt-rotor concepts developed across aerodynamic design, structures, propulsion, manufacturing and autonomous flight-control integration.

PROJECT 05 / 06 VERTICAL LIFTCRUISE WING
Period2021–2022
ContextBachelor’s Thesis · NUST
My roleDesign & Integration
BuildCFRP · Additive Manufacturing
01Project overview

Runway-independent launch without surrendering fixed-wing endurance.

The project explored hybrid VTOL architectures that combine vertical takeoff and landing with efficient wing-borne cruise. The challenge was to make aerodynamics, structure, propulsion, manufacturing and controls converge in one buildable aircraft.

VT

Vertical-flight Requirement

Generate stable lift and adequate control authority without a runway or launch system.

FW

Forward-flight Requirement

Transition to an efficient fixed-wing configuration for useful range and endurance.

02My Contribution

Mechanical design with system integration kept in view.

01

Configuration & CAD development

Developed fixed-wing and tilt-wing/tilt-rotor eVTOL concepts in SolidWorks from early layout through detailed assemblies and drawings.

02

Structural Analysis

Used ANSYS FEA to evaluate load paths and support sizing decisions for the airframe and critical interfaces.

03

Manufacturing & assembly

Translated digital geometry into carbon-fibre and additively manufactured parts, then supported assembly and hardware integration.

04

Avionics Integration

Integrated Pixhawk, ArduPilot and Mission Planner workflows for autonomous flight and prototype testing.

03Development process

A complete aircraft loop—from requirements to flight.

Define

Translate mission needs into configuration, performance, payload and autonomy requirements.

Design & Analyse

Iterate aerodynamic layout, propulsion, CAD geometry and structural response.

Manufacture

Produce CFRP and printed components, drawings, tooling and assembled airframe hardware.

Integrate & Fly

Install propulsion and avionics, configure flight software and progress to prototype flight.

System-level lessonFor a hybrid aircraft, a local improvement can move mass, centre of gravity, power demand or control authority elsewhere. Design decisions were evaluated as aircraft-level trades rather than isolated component choices.
04Team & contributors

A four-person thesis team spanning the complete vehicle.

Design, Integration & Manufacturing

Aqib Habib

Airframe development, structural analysis, manufacturing and flight-control integration.

Documentation

Muhammad Salman Azam

Documentation, Manufacturing and Developement

Research

Sameer Bin Khalid

Research, MATLAB and Manufacturing

Pilot

Usman Shahid

Pilot, Ardupilot and Mission Planner

05Results

A designed, manufactured and flying hybrid VTOL prototype.

The work produced a traceable aircraft-development package—analyses, CAD, engineering drawings, MATLAB work, reports and flight hardware—alongside a working prototype. The project was recognised as the best undergraduate project/thesis at NUST.

2
eVTOL architectures explored and documented
CFRP
Composite airframe designed and manufactured
Best
Undergraduate project/thesis recognition